Endocrine Abstracts

Placenta exchanges vital factors including oxygen, carbon dioxide, cation (copper, iron, calcium) and glucose that are essential to fetal growth. Copper, iron, calcium cation and glucose transfer genes are regulated by reproduction-related hormones, vitamin D and human placental lactogen. These molecules are transferred by specific receptors located on cell membrane or cytoplasm in placenta. These substances disturb action of reproduction-related hormones (ex> estrogen, pr...

Synthesized chemicals that not existed in the environment have been troubled endocrine physiology. These endocrine disruptors (EDs) had been noted and replaced with other chemicals. Most of compound banned for production act as an estrogen. But other than estrogen, especially thyroid hormone related EDs are noted for early brain and neural development. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are representative known as thyroid disruptor because of its structural similarity. 2,4,6-t...

Calcium ion is important for physiological functions in all tissues and organs, and is essential for many vital functions. Calcium in lumen is absorbed to cytosol, and Calbindin-D9k binds calcium. It can remove calcium to extracellular through PMCA1 and NCX1. However, in the rat esophagus, the calcium related gene regulations and localizations were not well documented. We evaluated calcium related genes including Calbindin-D9k, PMCA1, and NCX1. Immature rats were daily treated...

Developmental toxicity tests have been made by embryonic stem cell tests at the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods or by embryonic body test in our laboratory. However, no neuronal-specific developmental toxicity test has been made yet. Therefore, this study was carried out using a 46C cell line, mouse embryonic stem cells with an endogenous Sox1-GFP reporter, to exploit the developmental neurotoxicity test. The expression of Sox1, a marker for neural pr...

Calcium signaling plays a regulatory role in the events of cellular proliferation. In immunocytes such as T cells, B cells, mast cells and many other cell types, Ca2+ signals show to control the proliferation, differentiation, and function. Furthermore, Ca2+ has been shown to act as a second messenger to regulate innate immune cell function and activation. Here, we found that loss of Nckx3, a potassium-dependent Na+ /Ca2+</...

There have been raising concerns in the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals like triclosan (TCS) on the embryo development. Triclosan (TCS) is commonly present in household and personal wash products We hypothesize that exposure to TCS during early stage of development could alter brain development affecting behavior. To test this hypothesis, primary cortical neurons were exposure to TCS with/without estrogen antiestrogen ICI 182780 from day in vitro 1 to 4. We also addr...

Perinatal action of estrogens or aromatizable steroids at the central nervous system level is responsible for brain development. 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) is knows as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) that is widespread estrogenic chemical used in the costumer produces. Thus, we hypothesis that through early contact with the central nervous system, OP could alter the processes affecting behavior. In this study, primary cortical neurons were exposure to OP (10–6</...

Ca2+ homeostasis has been reported to play important roles in various cell systems. In central nerves system, the dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis can induce the excitotoxic and neurodegeneration. NCKX3 (Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 3), a novel member of the family of K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchangers, is an important component of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. In addition, NCKX3 highly expressed in tha...